System and method for selecting spectrum

ABSTRACT

A system and method comprise a spectrum selector, an unlicensed transceiver, and a licensed transceiver. The spectrum selector determines whether communications will be transmitted over unlicensed spectrum or licensed spectrum. Based upon the determination, the spectrum selector transmits the communications to the unlicensed transceiver or the licensed transceiver. In addition, the spectrum selector may transmit a first portion of the communications to the unlicensed transceiver and a second portion of the communications to the licensed transceiver. On the receiving side, the spectrum selector monitors the unlicensed transceiver and the licensed transceiver, receives the communications from the licensed transceiver and/or the unlicensed transceiver, and transmits the communications to an access device. The unlicensed transceiver transmits and/or receives communications over unlicensed spectrum. The licensed transceiver transmits and/or receives communications over licensed spectrum.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

Not Applicable

FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT

Not Applicable

MICROFICHE APPENDIX

Not Applicable

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to the field of wireless spectrum.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Wireless communications currently are used in a number of communicationsystems. These wireless systems have the advantage of not requiringfiber or other cable to carry the communications. However, wirelessspectrum shortage is a major constraint on a system designed for thewireless communication system. For example, spectrum shortageincreasingly constrains designs for high data rate multi-media servicedelivery. Thus, a new system and method are needed that increases theability for wireless communication systems to effectively andefficiently deliver wireless communications. The system and method ofthe present invention fulfill these and other needs.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to a system for selecting spectrumcomprising a licensed spectrum transceiver configured to communicateover licensed spectrum and an unlicensed spectrum transceiver configuredto communicate over unlicensed spectrum. A spectrum selector configuredto select the licensed transceiver or the unlicensed transceiver forcommunication.

The present invention further is directed to a system for selectingspectrum comprising a medium access control layer configured to controlaccess for a communication to unlicensed spectrum or licensed spectrum.The system further comprises a differentiator configured to format thecommunication for communication over the unlicensed spectrum or thelicensed spectrum.

Further, the present invention is directed to a method for selectingspectrum comprising configuring a licensed spectrum transceiver tocommunicate over licensed spectrum and configuring an unlicensedspectrum transceiver to communicate over unlicensed spectrum. A spectrumselector is configured to select the licensed transceiver or theunlicensed transceiver for communication.

Still further, the present invention is directed to a method forselecting spectrum comprising configuring a licensed spectrumtransceiver to communicate over licensed spectrum and configuring anunlicensed spectrum transceiver to communicate over unlicensed spectrum.A spectrum selector selects the licensed transceiver for operation in aprimary mode and to select the unlicensed transceiver for operation in abackup mode. The method further comprises selecting operation for thebackup mode when interference occurs for the primary mode and selectingoperation for the primary mode when interference does not occur for theprimary mode.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a communication system in accordance withan embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of another communication system in accordancewith an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a spectrum selector in accordance with anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of a mode selection process in a communicationsystem in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Licensed spectrum is used in wireless communication systems to provideguaranteed services and other services. The licensed spectrum is a knowncommodity and can be regulated by its licensee. However, the licensedspectrum can be limited and often is expensive to use. For example, inmultipoint multichannel distribution service (MMDS) communicationsystems, only 33 channels exist, each at 6 megahertz (Mhz). Of the 33channels, twenty of the channels are instructional fixed televisionservices (ITFS) that are allocated to ITFS users but can be sublicensedwith additional constraints to other users.

However, a considerable amount of unlicensed spectrum exists that can beused for free by communication systems. For example, these unlicensedbands include unlicensed personal communication services (UPCS),industrial scientific medical (ISM), and unlicensed national informationinfrastructure (UNII). The unlicensed spectrum is extensive, providing acost-effective and widely available wireless communication transport.

The system and method of the present invention use a combination oflicensed and unlicensed spectrum to enable a significant increase inavailable throughput for wireless communications. The use of unlicensedspectrum enables a communication system to increase coverage beyond whatis provided by the available licensed spectrum.

The system and method are configured to operate with licensed andunlicensed spectrum in a variety of modes, including a switching modeand a capacity mode. The switching mode is used to switch between, andallocate resources for, guaranteed services and best effort services,either in the same or different spectrum. The capacity mode uses theavailable capacity in one spectrum and uses other spectrum foradditional capacity. The system and method are especially viable forlast-mile wireless access.

FIG. 1 depicts an exemplary embodiment of a communication system of thepresent invention. The communication system 102 of FIG. 1 comprisesaccess devices 104 and 106, spectrum selectors 108 and 110, unlicensedtransceivers 112 and 114, and licensed transceivers 116 and 118communicating via a network 120. It will be appreciated that only oneaccess device, spectrum selector, unlicensed transceiver, and licensedtransceiver are required for a communication system. However, for easeof discussion multiple devices are shown.

It will be appreciated that the access device 104, the spectrum selector108, the unlicensed transceiver 112, and the licensed transceiver 116may be software, hardware, or a combination thereof, and may be one ormore physical or logical devices. Likewise, the access device 106, thespectrum selector 110, the unlicensed transceiver 114, and the licensedtransceiver 118 may be software, hardware, or a combination thereof, andmay be one or more physical or logical devices.

The access devices 104 and 106 receive communications from, and/ortransmit communications to, the spectrum selector 108 or 110. The accessdevices 104 and 106 may be, for example, a telephone, a computer, aservice hub, a transceiver, or any other device configured to transmitcommunications to, and/or receive communications from, the spectrumselector 108 or 110.

The spectrum selectors 108 and 110 transmit communications to, and/orreceive communications from, the access device 104 or 106, theunlicensed transceiver 112 or 114, and/or the licensed transceiver 116or 118. The spectrum selectors 108 and 110 determine whethercommunications will be transmitted from the unlicensed transceiver 112or 114 or whether the communications will be transmitted from thelicensed transceiver 116 or 118. Likewise, the spectrum selectors 108and 110 determine if communications are being received from theunlicensed transceiver 112 or 114 or whether the communications arebeing received from the licensed transceiver 116 or 118.

The spectrum selectors 108 and 110 can determine whether to transmitcommunications to the unlicensed transceiver 112 or 114 or the licensedtransceiver 116 or 118 based upon multiple configurations. Theseconfigurations may include a switching mode and a capacity mode.

In the switching mode, the spectrum selectors 108 and 110 transmitcommunications based on best effort services or guaranteed services. Forexample, the spectrum selector 108 may transmit all communications tothe unlicensed transceiver 112 until an interference event occurs. Then,the spectrum selector 108 may transmit communications for guaranteedservices using the licensed transceiver 116 and transmit communicationsfor other services via the unlicensed transceiver 112. When guaranteedservices are covered, additional licensed spectrum can be used. Aninterference event occurs when interference is at or within a specifiedlevel, thereby reducing or eliminating the effectiveness or ability totransmit and/or receive communications. The interference may includespectrum interference and/or interference at a transceiver or otherdevice. Interference may be caused by radio signals, engines, noise, andother sources.

Alternately, the spectrum selectors 108 and 110 may transmit allcommunications to the unlicensed transceiver 112 or 114 and use thelicensed transceiver 116 or 118 for all communications when interferenceexists for the unlicensed transceiver. Alternately, the licensedtransceivers 116 and 118 may be used as the primary transceivers, andthe unlicensed transceivers 112 and 114 may be used as secondarytransceivers.

In the capacity mode, the spectrum selectors 108 and 110 transmitcommunications using the unlicensed transceivers 112 or 114 until acapacity event occurs. Then, the spectrum selectors 108 and 110 maytransmit part or all of the communications via the licensed transceivers116 or 118. Alternately, the licensed transceivers 116 and 118 may beused as the primary transceivers, and the unlicensed transceivers 112and 114 may be used as the secondary transceivers. A capacity eventoccurs when capacity is at or within a specified range of beingcompletely used. The capacity may include spectrum capacity and/oravailability and/or availability of a transceiver or other device. Acapacity event may occur, for example, when the communication system 102has too many access devices using capacity, and a call is dropped orfails.

The spectrum selectors 108 and 110 may be configured to use the maximumcapacity available for both licensed and unlicensed spectrum andintelligently and dynamically assign traffic to licensed and/orunlicensed spectrum based on use, availability, interference, and otherfactors. Other configurations may include triggers or events that resultin the spectrum selectors 108 and 110 switching from a normal modeidentified above to a high capacity mode in which it uses more capacityfrom other sources. Such triggers or events can be interference based,due to prediction of higher capacity requirements based on trafficcharacteristics, or based on other events.

The spectrum selectors 108 and 110 receive communications from theunlicensed transceivers 112 and 114 and the licensed transceiver 116 or118. The spectrum selectors 108 and 110 determine from which transceiverthe communications are being received, receive the communications usingthe appropriate protocol, and transmit the communications to the accessdevice 104 or 106. The spectrum selectors 108 and 110 may be configuredto use encryption, de-encryption, coding, decoding, modulation, and/orde-modulation. The spectrum selectors 108 and 110 also may be configuredto use inverse multiplex asynchronous transfer mode (IMA) protocols totransfer and/or receive communications.

The unlicensed transceivers 112 and 114 are any transceivers configuredto transmit and/or receive communications in unlicensed spectrum.Unlicensed spectrum may include UPCS, ISM, UNII, and other unlicensedbands.

The licensed transceivers 116 and 118 are any transceivers configured totransmit and/or receive communications in licensed spectrum. Licensedspectrum may include MMDS, PCS, and other licensed bands.

The network 120 is any network configured to carry communications to orfrom the unlicensed transceivers 112 and 114 or to or from the licensedtransceivers 116 and 118. The network 120 may include hardware,software, or a combination thereof. For example, the network 120 mayinclude wireless switches and/or antennas.

The system of FIG. 1 operates as follows. In a first example, the accessdevice 104 transmits communications to the spectrum selector 108. Thespectrum selector 108 determines that unlicensed spectrum is availablewithin the communication system 102. The spectrum selector 110 processesthe communication if needed. For example, the spectrum selector 110 mayencrypt, modulate, or format the communications for a particularprotocol. The spectrum selector 108 transmits the communications to theunlicensed transceiver 112, and the unlicensed transceiver 112 transmitsthe communications over the network 120.

The unlicensed transceiver 114 receives the communications over the aunlicensed spectrum and transmits the communications to the spectrumselector 110. The spectrum selector 110 monitors the unlicensedtransceiver 114 and the licensed transceiver 118 and determines thatcommunications are being received from the unlicensed transceiver. Thespectrum selector 110 receives the communications. The spectrum selector110 processes the communications if required, such as for de-encrypting,de-modulating, or formatting the communication to a selected format orprotocol, or otherwise processing the communications. The spectrumselector 110 then transmits the communications to the access device 106.

In another example, the access device 106 transmits communications tothe spectrum selector 110. The spectrum selector determines that thecommunications should be transmitted over licensed spectrum. Thespectrum selector 108 processes the communications if needed, forexample, by encrypting, modulating, or formatting for a protocol thecommunications. The spectrum selector 110 transmits the communicationsto the licensed transceiver 118, and the licensed transceiver transmitsthe communications over licensed spectrum via the network 120.

The licensed transceiver 116 receives the communications over thelicensed spectrum and transmits the communications to the spectrumselector 108. The spectrum selector 108 monitors the licensedtransceiver 116 and the unlicensed transceiver 112 and determines thatcommunications are being received from the licensed transceiver. Thespectrum selector 108 receives the communications and, if needed,processes the communications. For example, the spectrum selector 108 mayde-encrypt, de-modulate, reformat the communications, or otherwiseprocess the communications. The spectrum selector 108 then transmits thecommunications to the access device 104.

In another example, the access device 104 has multiple associated accessdevices transmitting communications to the spectrum selector 108. Thespectrum selector determines that the communications should betransmitted over unlicensed spectrum. The spectrum selector 108transmits the communications to the unlicensed transceiver 112 to betransmitted via the network 120. The unlicensed transceiver 112transmits the communications over unlicensed spectrum.

While the spectrum selector 108 is routing communications to theunlicensed transceiver 112 for transmission via unlicensed spectrum, thespectrum selector determines that a capacity event exists. In thisexample, the spectrum selector 108 determines that the unlicensedtransceiver 112 is transmitting at 90% of its capacity. In otherexamples, lack of capacity in a spectrum may exist. Other examplesexist. The spectrum selector 108 transmits a portion of thecommunications to the unlicensed transceiver 112 and a portion of thecommunications to the licensed transceiver 116. The unlicensedtransceiver 112 transmits via unlicensed spectrum the communicationsthat it received from a spectrum selector 108. Likewise, the licensedtransceiver 116 transmits via licensed spectrum the communications itreceived from spectrum selector 108.

In another example, the access device 104 transmits communications tothe spectrum selector 108. The spectrum selector 108 determines that aportion of the communications must be transmitted via guaranteedservices, and a portion of the communications can be transmitted viabest effort services. The spectrum selector 108 transmits thecommunications that can be transmitted as best effort services to theunlicensed transceiver 112. The spectrum selector 108 transmits thecommunications for guaranteed services to the licensed transceiver 116.The unlicensed transceiver 112 transmits the communications viaunlicensed spectrum for the best effort services. The licensedtransceiver 116 transmits the communications for the guaranteed servicesvia licensed spectrum.

In another example, the access device 104 has multiple associated accessdevices. The access device 104 transmits communications to the spectrumselector 108. The spectrum selector 108 monitors the unlicensed spectrumand the licensed spectrum and determines that an interference eventexists on the unlicensed spectrum. In this example, the interferenceevent is noise in the unlicensed spectrum. Other examples exist. Thespectrum selector 108 transmits the communications to the licensedtransceiver 116. The licensed transceiver 116 transmits thecommunications via licensed spectrum.

In another example, the access device 104 transmits communications tothe spectrum selector 108. The spectrum selector 108 determines thatboth the unlicensed spectrum and the licensed spectrum have capacity.The spectrum selector 108 uses IMA protocols to transmit a portion ofthe communications to the unlicensed transceiver 112 and to transferanother portion of the communications to the licensed transceiver 116.The unlicensed transceiver 112 transmits the first portion of thecommunications via unlicensed spectrum over the network 120. Thelicensed transceiver 116 transmits the second portion of thecommunication via licensed spectrum over the network 120.

The unlicensed transceiver 114 receives the first portion of thecommunications via the unlicensed spectrum and transmits thecommunications to the spectrum selector 110. The licensed transceiver118 receives the second portion of the communications via the licensedspectrum and transmits the communications to the spectrum selector 110.The spectrum selector uses the IMA protocol to recombine thecommunications and to transmit the communications to the access device106.

FIG. 2 depicts an exemplary embodiment of a communication system 102A ofthe present invention in which the network comprises a base station 202and an antenna 204. In this embodiment, the spectrum selector 108, theunlicensed transceiver 112, and the licensed transceiver 116 exist at ornear, i.e. within a range of, the base station 202. In addition, thespectrum selector 110, the unlicensed transceiver 114, and the licensedtransceiver 118 exist at or near the antenna 204 at a receivinglocation.

The base station 202 is any switch configured to control transmittingand/or receiving wireless communications. The base station 202 is wellknown in the art.

The antenna 204 is any device configured to transmit and/or receivewireless communications via spectrum. The antenna 204 is well known inthe art.

FIG. 3 depicts an exemplary embodiment of a spectrum selector 302. Thespectrum selector 302 is configured to integrate communications at aservice level. Thus, for example, the spectrum selector 302 maydetermine that voice communications are to be transmitted on licensedspectrum while internet related services are to be transmitted onunlicensed spectrum. In addition, for example, media data may betransmitted over licensed spectrum. Other examples exist.

The spectrum selector 302 may mix the transmission and/or reception ofwireless communications on unlicensed spectrum and/or licensed spectrum.The spectrum selector 302 dynamically prioritizes the use of unlicensedspectrum and/or licensed spectrum on a real time basis. The spectrumselector 302 may determine that particular communications are to betransmitted over a particular spectrum, depending on whether thecommunications are guaranteed services, best effort services, orotherwise identified. For example, communications for guaranteedservices may be configured to be transmitted over licensed spectrumonly. Whereas, communications for best effort services may be configuredto be transmitted over unlicensed spectrum and/or licensed spectrum ascapacity, interference, and availability events occur.

Also, these configurations may be determined based on any type ofservice requirement or service agreement. For example, a serviceagreement with a specified user may require all of that user'scommunications to be transmitted via licensed spectrum. This enables thespectrum selector 302 to add value to the transmission of thecommunications based on a service level.

The spectrum selector may comprise a media access control (MAC) layer304. The spectrum selector 302 may comprise one or more of a modulator306, a differentiator 308, a diversity applicator 310, and/or aconverter 312.

The MAC layer 304 may control access of the unlicensed transceiver andthe licensed transceiver and control formatting communications usingvarious protocols, including IMA. For example, the MAC layer 304 maycontrol transmitting communications to the unlicensed transceiver usingprotocols designed for UPCS spectrum or transmitting communications tothe licensed transceiver using protocols designed for MMDS spectrum.

The MAC layer 304 allocates communication resources, such as spectrumuse, transmission duration, transmission power, and transmissionbandwidth. For example, the MAC layer 304 may control how much spectrumis used, at what power, and for how long. The MAC layer 304 enables theaccess device 104 to dynamically split, combine, and/or direct resourcesover the unlicensed spectrum and the licensed spectrum.

The MAC layer 304 initiates and terminates all communication sessions.Thus, the MAC layer 304 receives, processes, and responds to controlsignals to set up links for reception of communications. The MAC layer304 also generates control signals to set up links for transmission ofcommunications and processes response control signals.

The MAC layer 304 also generates control signals to other devices, suchas the modulator 306, the differentiator 308, the diversity applicator310, and the converter 312, specifying operations, such as when and howto multiplex or demultiplex one or more communications. The MAC layer304 may generate control signals to other components of the spectrumselector 302. For example, the MAC layer 304 may generate a controlsignal to the modulator 306 identifying modulation or demodulationparameters or to a signal processor (not shown) identifying formatting,such as an encryption technique.

The MAC layer 304 controls all inbound and outbound communicationsactivity. The MAC layer 304 controls all activities of the modulator306, the differentiator 308, the diversity applicator 310, and theconverter 312. The MAC layer 304 determines what protocol, spectrum, orsignal type will be used at the spectrum selector 302. For example, theMAC layer 304 may be configured to control reception of wirelinecommunications using various protocols from the unlicensed transceiverand the licensed transceiver, to control combining the communicationsreceived over different access media if needed into one logical datastream, to control demultiplexing transmit data into separate streamssent over different access media, and to control the reformatting of thecommunications as needed for transmission to, or reception by, premiseequipment LAN access device 104 or a switch.

The MAC layer 304 can be configured to use past performance ofunlicensed spectrum and licensed spectrum to dynamically determine overwhich spectrum current communications will be transmitted. The pastperformance is used to predict real time spectrum capacity andinterference events and needs.

The modulator 306 is configured to modulate communications fortransmission. On the receiving side, the modulator 306 is configured tode-modulate communications. The modulator 306 may use any type ofmodulation, including digital and analog modulation.

The differentiator 308 is configured to multiplex communications orotherwise combine the communications for optimization of availablecapacity. On the receiving end, the differentiator 308 is configured tode-multiplex or otherwise reformat combined communications. Thedifferentiator 308 is configured to combine spectrums, thereby enablinggreater capacity use.

The differentiator 308 is configured to provide different levels ofservice for different types of communications. In one embodiment, thedifferentiator 308 comprises an IMA differentiator configured to formata portion of a communication for transmission over a first spectrum andto format a second portion of the communication for transmission over asecond spectrum. The first and second spectrum may both be in licensedspectrum or both may be in unlicensed spectrum. Alternately, the firstspectrum may be in licensed or unlicensed spectrum, and the secondspectrum may be in the other spectrum. The IMA differentiator also isconfigured to recombine communications that have been split betweendifferent spectrum bands.

The differentiator 308 can be configured to transmit and receivecommunications from point to point and point to multipoint. For example,communications may be transmitted over licensed spectrum from one pointand over unlicensed spectrum from another point. The differentiator 308is configured to receive both sets of communications and to identify theaccess devices that are to receive the respective communications.

The diversity applicator 310 applies diversity techniques tocommunications. Diversity effects redundancy in a network. For example,if a spectrum currently being used fades, another spectrum is selectedfor redundancy. Other diversity techniques, for example, changes achannel of a wireless communication either on request by a user ordynamically upon sensing noise or other problems on a current channel.Diversity techniques are well known in the art.

The converter 312 is configured to upshift and downshift communications.Upshifting and downshifting communications may include changing thecarrier frequency of a signal, either up or down. For example, amodulated signal having a carrier frequency of 400 mega-hertz (MHz) maybe upshifted to 2.5 giga-hertz (GHz) from transmission in the MMDSbands. Likewise, the same signal may be downshifted to 400 MHz fromprocessing at the receiver. (that's the differentiator action)

FIG. 4 depicts an exemplary embodiment of a method for changing betweenthe use of different spectrum bands in a switching mode. The methodstarts at 402. At 404, the primary mode is entered. In this example, theprimary mode is a switching mode using unlicensed spectrum as thedefault spectrum. If there is no interference in the primary mode at406, the system stays in the primary mode. If interference exists in theprimary mode at 406, the system enters the back up mode at 408. In thisexample, the backup mode is the switching mode using licensed spectrum.If there continues to be interference in the primary mode at 410, thesystem maintains use of the backup mode. If there is no interference inthe primary mode at 410, the system enters the primary mode at 404.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that variations from thespecific embodiments disclosed above are contemplated by the invention.The invention should not be restricted to the above embodiments, butshould be measured by the following claims.

1. A system for selecting spectrum comprising: a licensed spectrumtransceiver configured to communicate over licensed spectrum; anunlicensed spectrum transceiver configured to communicate overunlicensed spectrum; and a spectrum selector configured to select thelicensed transceiver or the unlicensed transceiver for communication;wherein the spectrum selector is configured to transmit allcommunications for a first spectrum until a capacity event occurs, andthereafter, to transmit at least a portion of communications for asecond spectrum; and wherein the first spectrum comprises unlicensedspectrum, and the second spectrum comprises licensed spectrum.
 2. Thesystem of claim 1 wherein the spectrum selector is configured to selectthe licensed transceiver or the unlicensed transceiver to transmit acommunication.
 3. The system of claim 2 wherein the spectrum selector isconfigured to select the other of the licensed transceiver or theunlicensed transceiver to transmit a second communication.
 4. The systemof claim 1 wherein the spectrum selector is configured to receive acommunication from the licensed transceiver or the unlicensedtransceiver.
 5. The system of claim 4 wherein the spectrum selector isconfigured to receive another communication from the other of thelicensed transceiver or the unlicensed transceiver.
 6. The system ofclaim 1 wherein the spectrum selector is configured to transmit at leastone communication to at least one member of a group consisting of theunlicensed transceiver and the unlicensed transceiver.
 7. The system ofclaim 6 wherein: the spectrum selector is configured to transmit a firstcommunication to the unlicensed transceiver and a second communicationto the licensed transceiver; the unlicensed transceiver is configured totransmit the first communication; and the licensed transceiver isconfigured to transmit the second communication.
 8. The system of claim1 wherein the spectrum selector is configured to receive at least onecommunication from at least one member of a group consisting of theunlicensed transceiver and the licensed transceiver.
 9. The system ofclaim 8 wherein: the unlicensed transceiver is configured to receive afirst communication; the licensed transceiver is configured to receive asecond communication; and the spectrum selector is configured to receivethe first communication from the unlicensed transceiver and to receivethe second communication from the licensed transceiver.
 10. The systemof claim 1 wherein the spectrum selector is configured to operate in aswitching mode.
 11. The system of claim 10 wherein the spectrum selectoris configured to select a first spectrum for operation and to select adifferent spectrum for operation if an interference event occurs for thefirst spectrum.
 12. The system of claim 10 wherein the spectrum selectoris configured to transmit all communications for a first spectrum untilan interference event occurs, and thereafter, to transmit at least aportion of communications for a second spectrum.
 13. The system of claim12 wherein the first spectrum comprises unlicensed spectrum, and thesecond spectrum comprises licensed spectrum.
 14. The system of claim 10wherein the spectrum selector is configured to select a first spectrumfor transmission of at least one communication for a guaranteed service.15. The system of claim 14 wherein the first spectrum comprises licensedspectrum.
 16. The system of claim 14 wherein the spectrum selector isconfigured to select a second spectrum for transmission of at least oneother communication for a best effort service.
 17. The system of claim16 wherein the second spectrum comprises unlicensed spectrum.
 18. Thesystem of claim 1 wherein the spectrum selector is configured to operatein a capacity mode.
 19. The system of claim 18 wherein the spectrumselector is configured to select a first spectrum for operation and toselect a different spectrum for operation if a capacity event occurs forthe first spectrum.
 20. The system of claim 1 wherein the spectrumselector is configured to process a communication with an inversemultiplexing asynchronous transfer mode protocol.
 21. The system ofclaim 1 wherein the spectrum selector is configured to process acommunication with at least one member of a group consisting ofencryption, de-encryption, coding, decoding, modulation, anddemodulation.
 22. The system of claim 1 further comprising a basestation within a range of which the spectrum selector exists.
 23. Thesystem of claim 1 further comprising an antenna configured to transmit acommunication via a spectrum or receive the communication via thespectrum.
 24. The system of claim 1 further comprising an access deviceconfigured to communicate with the spectrum selector.
 25. The system ofclaim 24 further wherein the access device is configured to transmit,receive, or transmit and receive.
 26. The system of claim 1 wherein thespectrum selector is configured to integrate a communication at aservice level.
 27. A method for selecting spectrum comprising:configuring a licensed spectrum transceiver to communicate over licensedspectrum; configuring an unlicensed spectrum transceiver to communicateover unlicensed spectrum; and configuring a spectrum selector to selectthe licensed transceiver or the unlicensed transceiver forcommunication; selecting a licensed spectrum for transmission of atleast one communication for a guaranteed service; and selecting anunlicensed spectrum for transmission of at least one other communicationfor a best effort service.
 28. The method of claim 27 further comprisingselecting the licensed transceiver or the unlicensed transceiver totransmit a communication.
 29. The method of claim 28 further comprisingselecting the other of the licensed transceiver or the unlicensedtransceiver to transmit a second communication.
 30. The method of claim27 further comprising receiving a communication from the licensedtransceiver or the unlicensed transceiver.
 31. The method of claim 30further comprising receiving another communication from the other of thelicensed transceiver or the unlicensed transceiver.
 32. The method ofclaim 27 further comprising: transmitting from the spectrum selector afirst communication to the unlicensed transceiver and a secondcommunication to the licensed transceiver; transmitting the firstcommunication from the unlicensed transceiver; and transmitting thesecond communication from the licensed transceiver.
 33. The method ofclaim 27 further comprising: receiving a first communication at theunlicensed transceiver; receiving a second communication at the licensedtransceiver; and receiving the first communication from the unlicensedtransceiver and receiving the second communication from the licensedtransceiver, both at the spectrum selector.
 34. The method of claim 27further comprising operating the spectrum selector in a switching mode.35. The method of claim 34 further comprising selecting a first spectrumfor operation and selecting a different spectrum for operation if aninterference event occurs for the first spectrum.
 36. The method ofclaim 27 further comprising operating the spectrum selector in acapacity mode.
 37. The method of claim 26 further comprising selecting afirst spectrum for operation and selecting a different spectrum foroperation if a capacity event occurs for the first spectrum.
 38. Themethod of claim 27 further comprising processing a communication with aninverse multiplexing asynchronous transfer mode protocol.
 39. The methodof claim 27 further comprising processing a communication with at leastone member of a group consisting of encryption, de-encryption, coding,decoding, modulation, and demodulation.
 40. A method for selectingspectrum comprising: configuring a licensed spectrum transceiver tocommunicate over licensed spectrum; configuring an unlicensed spectrumtransceiver to communicate over unlicensed spectrum; configured aspectrum selector to select the licensed transceiver for operation in aprimary mode and to select the unlicensed transceiver for operation in abackup mode; selecting operation for the backup mode when interferenceoccurs for the primary mode; and selecting operation for the primarymode when interference does not occur for the primary mode.